The Mediating Effect of Work Engagement Between Work Motivation, Transformational Leadership, and Teacher Performance
Keywords:
Work motivation, transformational leadership, mediating effect, work engagement, teacher performance, secondary school teacher, Catholics schools, quantitative research
Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between work motivation, transformational leadership, and teacher performance. In addition, the mediating influence of work engagement was also investigated. The data were collected from 318 teachers in the Catholic’s secondary high school in the Dili municipality, Timor-Leste. The proposed model and hypotheses were evaluated using licensed SMART partial least squares (PLS) 4.0. The result shows that transformational leadership and teacher performance were significantly related. Likewise, work engagement and teacher performance are also significantly related. Meanwhile, work motivation and teacher performance were shown nonsignificant related. The results showed that work engagement mediated the relationship between work motivation and teacher performances. The results of this study will contribute to managers implementing human resource management practices and motivating employees to improve services.
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References
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Fei, Y.Z. and Tien, L.-C. (2024) ‘the Influence of Work Values and Work Engagement on Improving the Work Performance of Young Teachers in Universities’, Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 12(2), p. e2585.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i2.2585.
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Hassan, M. et al. (2020) ‘Impact of Job Satisfaction, Job Stress and Motivation on Job Performance : A Case from Private Universities of Karachi’, Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 9(2), pp. 31–41. Available at: https://doi.org/10.12816/0056346.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M. and Sarstedt, M. (2015) ‘A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), pp. 115–135. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8.
Hermawan, H., Thamrin, H.M. and Susilo, P. (2020) ‘Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Performance: The Role of Employee Engagement’, Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(12), pp. 1089–1097. Available at: https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO12.1089.
Herminingsih, A. (2025) ‘The Effects of Job Stress and Resilience’, 9(2), pp. 1–9.
Hong, L., Rohaida, S. and Zainal, M. (2024) ‘The role of mindfulness skill and inclusive leadership in job performance among secondary teachers in Hong Kong’, 18(3), pp. 609–636. Available at: https://doi.org/ 10.1108/ JABS-08-2023-0313.
Indradewa, R. and Santiajie, S. (2024) ‘The influence of transformational leadership , organizational culture , and employee engagement on turnover intention’, 10(2), pp. 1–12.
Isabel Buila, Eva Martínez, J.M. (2019) ‘Transformational leadership and employee performance: The role of identification, engagement and proactive personality’, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 2(1), pp. 366–376. Available at: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i3.6643.
Ispon Asep Yurano, Dirgantara, I.M.B. and Siolemba, S.P. (2024) ‘Effect of Work Engagement, Work Environment, Work Motivation On Employee Performance Mediated by Job Satisfaction at KPP Pratama Gresik’, Lead Journal of Economy and Administration, 2(4), pp. 216–232. Available at: https://doi.org/10.56403/lejea.v2i4.188.
Jaffar, H., Sciences, M. and Bahawalpur, E. (2024) ‘Assessing the Impact of Herzberg ’ s Two -Factor Motivation Theory on Job Satisfaction : A Study of Employees in the Punjab Healthcare Commission’, 6(3), pp. 469–480.
Jufrizen, J. and Sitorus, T.S. (2021) ‘Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Dengan Disiplin Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening’, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi Edukasi Sosial dan Humaniora, 1(1), pp. 841–856.
Kholifah, N. et al. (2024) ‘The mediating role of motivation and professional development in determining teacher performance in vocational schools’, Cogent Education, 11(1), p. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2421094.
Kou, F., Wang, X. and Jiang, M. (2024) ‘The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Teacher Performance in Shandong Universities: The Mediating Role of the Psychological Contract’, International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 23(6), pp. 215–232. Available at: https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.23.6.10.
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Lestari, Y.W., Broto, B.E. and Prayoga, Y. (2022) ‘The Effect Of Motivation, Communication And Job Satisfaction On Employee Performance’, International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 3(2), pp. 530–536. Available at: https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v3i2.481.
Leung, T.Y. and Lam, C.B. (2025) ‘Linking Professional Development Opportunities to Work Performance Among Chinese Kindergarten Teachers: The Mediating Roles of Commitment and Engagement’, Education Sciences, 15(3). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15030342.
Lindawati Sirait, Sudarno, Achmad Tavip Junaedi, Astri Ayu Purwati, M.M.D. (2022) ‘Leadership Style, Motivation, and Organizational Culture on Job Satisfaction and Teacher Performance’, Journal of Applied Business and Technology, 3(2018), pp. 115–129.
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Published
2025-10-02
How to Cite
Lopes, A., da Costa, C. and Piedade, S. (2025) “The Mediating Effect of Work Engagement Between Work Motivation, Transformational Leadership, and Teacher Performance”, Timor Leste Journal of Business and Management, 7, pp. 43-54. doi: 10.51703/bm.v7i0.200.
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Timor Leste Journal of Business and Management
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