Improving Employee Performance Through Spiritual Intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Keywords:
spiritual intelligence, ocb, employee performance, civic virtue, sportsmanship, self-knowledge, focus and contribution, honesty
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of spiritual intelligence and OCB on employee performance at the Denpasar City Social Service. The research population used were all 106 employees who were also used as research respondents. Data was collected using research questionnaires and distributed directly to the Denpasar City Social Service employees. The collected data is then processed with the SmartPLS 3.0 application program. The results showed that spiritual intelligence and OCB had a significant positive effect on employee performance. Spiritual intelligence also shows a significant positive effect on OCB. Furthermore, OCB acts as a partial mediation on the relationship of spiritual intelligence to the performance of Denpasar City Social Service employees. The dominant indicators that contribute to the spiritual intelligence of employees are self-knowledge, focus and contribution, and honesty. More specifically, it can be explained that self-knowledge, a better level of focus and higher honesty will be able to increase employee OCB. While the indicators of the dominant OCB variable in this case are civic virtue (responsibility) and sportsmanship (tolerance). This means that the higher the civic virtue (responsibility) and sportsmanship (tolerance) the employee will be able to improve the employee's performance.
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References
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Markose, B., & Jayachandran, S. 2009. The Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors on Goal Orientation and Performance of Salespeople. International Journal of Business Insights & Transformation, Vol.2, No.1, pp. 16-27.
Maryati, Tri, Fernado, Aulia. 2018. Peran Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Motivasi Intrinsik Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT.Cinemaxx Branch Lippo Plaza Yogyakarta. Jurnal Bisnis Teori dan Implementasi, Vol. 9, No. 2 : 158-173.
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Moosapour, Sodeif. 2013. Spiritual Intelligence Relationship with Organizational Citizenship Behavior of High School Teachers in Germi City. Journal of Business Management and Social Science Research (JBM, SSR), Vol. 2, No.10.
Nadeak, Multi, Widodo, Adi, Asbari, Masduki, Novitasari, Dewiyana, Purwanto, Agus. 2021. Understanding the Links between Coaching, OCB, and Individual Performance among MSME Employees. International Journal Of Social And Management Studies (IJOSMAS). Volume: 02 No. 04. Pp.65-80.
Nawawi, Hadari. (2006). Evaluasi dan manajemen kinerja di lingkungan perusahaan dan industri. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada Univercity Press.Perawat. Iqtishoduna, 14(1), 71–86. https://doi.org/10.18860/iq.v0i0.4830
Putri, Yumna, Dahlian., Hamidah, Nayati, Utami. 2017. Pengaruh Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan ( Studi Pada Tenaga Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Baptis Batu), JAB, Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, Vol. 46, No. 1, Mei 2017, Malang : Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi Universitas Brawijaya.
Radiany, M. Andri, Radiany, Ade Asria. 2021. Mediation Effects Organizational Citizenship Behavior Between Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence on Lecturer Performance at The College Economics. Ilomata International Journal of Management (IJJM). P-ISSN: 2714-8971; E-ISSN: 2714-8963, volume. 2, Page No: 72-81.
Ramadhan, Fairico Putra, Heru Susilo, Edlyn Khurotul Aini. 2018. Pengaruh Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) dan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) terhadap kinerja karyawan (Studi pada karyawan PT Taspen (Persero) Kantor Cabang Malang). Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis (JAB) Vol 55 No.2.
Ratnasari, Sri Langgeng, Supardi, Supardi, Nasrul, Herni Widiyah. 2020. Kecerdasan Intelektual, Kecerdasan Emosional, Kecerdasan Spiritual, dan Kecerdasan Linguistik Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Journal of Applied Business Administration. Vol 4 No 2.
Ritonga, E. (2018). Peran Organizational Citizenship Behavior Sebagai Pemediasi Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja.
Robbin & Judge. 2015. Perilaku Organisasi Edisi 16. Jakarta. Salemba Empat.
Sadhegi. 2016. The relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and organizational performance (case study: Agricultural Jihad Organization of Mazandaran Province). Problems and Perspectives in Management. Vol. 14 No. 3: 317-324.
Sanjay, I Joe. 2021. The Impact of Spiritual and Emotional Intelligences in Employee Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. International Journal of Aquatic Science, ISSN: 2008-8019. Vol 12.
Sedarmayanti. 2011. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Reformasi Birokrasi dan Manajemen Pegawai Negeri Sipil, Cetakan Kelima, PT Refika Aditama,Bandung.
Shweta, J., and Srirang, J. 2010. Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Review of Literature, Journal of Management and Public Policy, Vol 1 No 2, pp.27-36.
Zohar, Danah & Marshall, Ian. 2002. SQ: Memanfaatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual dalam Berpikir Integralistik dan Holistik Untuk Memaknai Kehidupan. Bandung: Mizan.
Zohar, Danah & Marshall, Ian. 2007. Kecerdasan Spiritual (SQ) Memanfaatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual Dalam Berpikir Integralistik dan Holistik Untuk Memaknai Kehidupan. Bandung: Mizan.
Alamanda, Dini T, Ahmad, Israr, Putra, Halim D, Hashim, Nik A. 2021. The role of spiritual intelligence in citizenship behaviours amongst Muslim staff in Malaysia. HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies ISSN: (Online) 2072-8050, (Print) 0259-9422.
Aponno, E.,H., Brasit, N., & Taba, I. M. 2017. Factors That Influence Organizational Citizenship Behavior And Employees Performance With Local Culture Moderation Pela Gandong. Scientific Research Journal SCIRJ, Vol. 5, No. 6, pp. 10-26.
Arifin, Fatikha Floressya. 2019. Efek Mediasi Organizational Citizenship Behavior di antara Kecerdasan Emosional dan Kecerdasan Spiritual terhadap Kinerja Tenaga Kependidikan Universitas Negeri Malang. Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik. JIAP Vol 5, No 2, pp 146-153.
Basu, E. P., Rabindra, K., & Tewari, H. R. 2016. Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Job Performance in Indian Healthcare Industries: The Mediating Role of Social Capital. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Vol. 66, No. 6, pp. 780-796.
Chelagat, L. J., Chepkwony, P. K., & Kemboi, A. 2015. Effect of organizational citizenship behavior on employee performance in the banking sector, Nairobi County, Kenya. International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology, 5(4), 55–61.
Chow, I. H. S. 2009. The Relationship Between Social Capital, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Performance Outcomes: An Empirical Study From China. SAM Advanced Management Journal, Vol.74, No.3, pp. 44-53.
Edison, Emron. 2016 Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Alfabeta. Bandung.
Efendi. Agus. 2005. Revolusi Kecerdasan Abad 21. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Haryanti, Titik (2017), Pengaruh Motivasi Berprestasi terhadap Kinerja Gurudi SMK Tunas Pemuda, Research and Development Journal of Education, 4 (1), 44-52.
Herdian, Panji Dwi, Nugroho, Riyadi, Sumiati. 2020. The Effect Of Work Motivation And Spiritual Intelligence On Employee Performance With Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) As Intervening Variables. JMM17 Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Manajemen, Vol. 07 No. 01, hal. 1-12. ISSN; 2355-7435.
Hidayah, R. 2019. Pengaruh Kecerdasan Spiritual Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Organizational Citizenship Behavior Pada Pt Pln (Persero) Area Bojonegoro. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Volume 7 Nomor 1 – Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Surabaya , 58-65.
Hidayat, Deddy Rahman. 2020. Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), and Performance of theVocational High School Teachers. Journal Of K6,Education,And Management, Vol. 3, No. 1, 32–39.
Idrus, 2002, Kecerdasan Spiritual Mahasiswa Yogyakarta, Psikologi Phronesis, Jurnal Ilmiah dan Terapan, Vo.4, No.8.
Indriani, Heny, dan Inayah Adi Sari. 2017. Pengaruh Kecerdasan Spiritual, Kecerdasan Emosi, Sikap Budaya Organisasi, dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior pada Guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri Kelompok Teknologi dan Industri Kabupaten Tegal. Jurnal Bisnis Manajemen (JBIMA), No. 2, Vol. 5.
Jiang, W., Zhao, X., & Ni, J. 2017. The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee Sustainable Performance: The Mediating Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Sustainability MDPI Journal, Vol.9, pp.1-17.
Khairat, Hayatul. 2017. “Kecerdasan Emosional, Kecerdasan Intelektual, Kecerdasan Spiritual Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Auditor”. JOM Fekon Vol 4 No.1.
Khavari, Khalil A (2000). Kecerdasan Spiritual( A pratictical guide to personal happiness). Kanada: Gunung Putih Publications.
Kulshrestha, S., & Singhal, T.K. (2017). Impact Of Spiritual Intelligence On Performance and Job Satisfaction: A Study On School Teachers. International Journal of Human Resource & Industrial Research, 4(2): 1-6.
Kumar, K. (2009). Linking the 'Big Five' personality domains to organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 1(4).
Lie, Darwin, Simatupang, Sudung, Harini, Sri, Dharma, Edy. Sudirman, Acai. 2021. Teacher Performance in Terms of The Aspects of Intellectual Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence. JPI, Vol. 10 No. 2.p-ISSN: 2303-288X, e-ISSN: 2541-7207.
Ling, Foo Choi, Kartar Singh, Jugindar Singh, Arumugam, Thilageswary. 2020. Employee Contextual Performance, Social. Intelligence, Spiritual Intelligence: A Quantitative Study In Malaysia. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, Vol. 24, Issue 02, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192.
Markose, B., & Jayachandran, S. 2009. The Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors on Goal Orientation and Performance of Salespeople. International Journal of Business Insights & Transformation, Vol.2, No.1, pp. 16-27.
Maryati, Tri, Fernado, Aulia. 2018. Peran Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Motivasi Intrinsik Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT.Cinemaxx Branch Lippo Plaza Yogyakarta. Jurnal Bisnis Teori dan Implementasi, Vol. 9, No. 2 : 158-173.
Moeheriono. 2012. Pengukuran Kinerja Berbasis Kompetensi. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Moosapour, Sodeif. 2013. Spiritual Intelligence Relationship with Organizational Citizenship Behavior of High School Teachers in Germi City. Journal of Business Management and Social Science Research (JBM, SSR), Vol. 2, No.10.
Nadeak, Multi, Widodo, Adi, Asbari, Masduki, Novitasari, Dewiyana, Purwanto, Agus. 2021. Understanding the Links between Coaching, OCB, and Individual Performance among MSME Employees. International Journal Of Social And Management Studies (IJOSMAS). Volume: 02 No. 04. Pp.65-80.
Nawawi, Hadari. (2006). Evaluasi dan manajemen kinerja di lingkungan perusahaan dan industri. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada Univercity Press.Perawat. Iqtishoduna, 14(1), 71–86. https://doi.org/10.18860/iq.v0i0.4830
Putri, Yumna, Dahlian., Hamidah, Nayati, Utami. 2017. Pengaruh Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan ( Studi Pada Tenaga Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Baptis Batu), JAB, Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, Vol. 46, No. 1, Mei 2017, Malang : Fakultas Ilmu Administrasi Universitas Brawijaya.
Radiany, M. Andri, Radiany, Ade Asria. 2021. Mediation Effects Organizational Citizenship Behavior Between Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence on Lecturer Performance at The College Economics. Ilomata International Journal of Management (IJJM). P-ISSN: 2714-8971; E-ISSN: 2714-8963, volume. 2, Page No: 72-81.
Ramadhan, Fairico Putra, Heru Susilo, Edlyn Khurotul Aini. 2018. Pengaruh Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) dan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) terhadap kinerja karyawan (Studi pada karyawan PT Taspen (Persero) Kantor Cabang Malang). Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis (JAB) Vol 55 No.2.
Ratnasari, Sri Langgeng, Supardi, Supardi, Nasrul, Herni Widiyah. 2020. Kecerdasan Intelektual, Kecerdasan Emosional, Kecerdasan Spiritual, dan Kecerdasan Linguistik Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Journal of Applied Business Administration. Vol 4 No 2.
Ritonga, E. (2018). Peran Organizational Citizenship Behavior Sebagai Pemediasi Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja.
Robbin & Judge. 2015. Perilaku Organisasi Edisi 16. Jakarta. Salemba Empat.
Sadhegi. 2016. The relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and organizational performance (case study: Agricultural Jihad Organization of Mazandaran Province). Problems and Perspectives in Management. Vol. 14 No. 3: 317-324.
Sanjay, I Joe. 2021. The Impact of Spiritual and Emotional Intelligences in Employee Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. International Journal of Aquatic Science, ISSN: 2008-8019. Vol 12.
Sedarmayanti. 2011. Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Reformasi Birokrasi dan Manajemen Pegawai Negeri Sipil, Cetakan Kelima, PT Refika Aditama,Bandung.
Shweta, J., and Srirang, J. 2010. Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Review of Literature, Journal of Management and Public Policy, Vol 1 No 2, pp.27-36.
Zohar, Danah & Marshall, Ian. 2002. SQ: Memanfaatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual dalam Berpikir Integralistik dan Holistik Untuk Memaknai Kehidupan. Bandung: Mizan.
Zohar, Danah & Marshall, Ian. 2007. Kecerdasan Spiritual (SQ) Memanfaatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual Dalam Berpikir Integralistik dan Holistik Untuk Memaknai Kehidupan. Bandung: Mizan.
Published
2021-12-20
How to Cite
Sugianingrat, I. A. P. W., Mahayasa, I. G. A., Yasa, I. K. D. and Pratama, I. G. A. A. E. B. (2021) “Improving Employee Performance Through Spiritual Intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Timor Leste Journal of Business and Management, 3(2), pp. 26-33. doi: 10.51703/bm.v3i2.52.
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Articles
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